The Readability Guide

Six readability formulas, what each measures, and how to improve a draft's score by 10+ points without losing voice.

Readability scores predict how hard a passage is to read. Most word processors and SEO plugins surface one number — usually Flesch–Kincaid — without explaining what it means. This guide covers the six formulas that matter, when each is appropriate, and the nine edits that move scores most.

The six formulas at a glance

FormulaOutputBest for
Flesch Reading Ease0–100, higher = easierGeneral-audience writing
Flesch–KincaidUS grade levelGeneral default
Gunning FogUS grade levelBusiness writing
SMOGUS grade levelHealthcare and patient education
ARIUS grade levelQuick character-based estimate
Coleman–LiauUS grade levelMechanical text-processing

Paste any text into the Word Counter and all six scores appear in the sidebar.

Articles in this guide

Related tools

Frequently asked questions

What is a good Flesch Reading Ease score?
60–70 for most online writing. Below 60 reads as effortful for general audiences; above 70 starts to feel oversimplified. Technical and legal writing legitimately scores below 50.
Why do different readability formulas give different grades?
They use different definitions of 'complex' (syllable count, character count, or known-word lists). A 2–3 grade spread is normal. The disagreement is informative — it tells you which input is unusual.
How can I improve my readability score?
Replace polysyllabic words with shorter synonyms; break sentences over 25 words; cut 'very' and 'really'. See How to improve your readability score for the full nine-edit list.